Method

A/B testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Compare two versions (A and B) of a webpage or app to determine performance.

Why

Assess the impact of changes on user behaviour and make data-driven decisions.

Method

Accessibility audits

Type

Descriptive

What

Evaluate digital products to ensure compliance with accessibility standards and guidelines.

Why

Identify and address potential barriers, making products inclusive for users with disabilities.

Method

Accessibility testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Assess the usability of digital interfaces for individuals with disabilities.

Why

Guarantee that products are accessible to a diverse user base, promoting inclusivity.

Method

Affinity diagramming

Type

Generative, Exploratory

What

Group and categorise qualitative data to identify patterns and insights.

Why

Organise and make sense of complex information obtained from user research.

Method

Card sorting

Type

Evaluative, Informative

What

Participants organise content into groups, helping to understand their mental models.

Why

Improve information architecture and enhance the findability of content within a system.

Method

Clickstream analysis

Type

Descriptive, Informative

What

Analyse the sequence of user interactions within a website or application.

Why

Comprehend user behaviour, identify popular paths, and optimise user journeys.

Method

Co-creation workshops

Type

Generative

What

Collaborative sessions involving users and stakeholders to generate ideas and solutions.

Why

Foster creativity, obtain diverse perspectives, and ensure user input in the design process.

Method

Cognitive walkthrough

Type

Evaluative

What

Simulate a user’s thought process to evaluate the usability of a product.

Why

Identify potential usability issues and improve the user interface.

Method

Competitor analysis

Type

Descriptive, Informative

What

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of competitors’ products.

Why

Identify opportunities, benchmark against industry standards, and enhance differentiation.

Method

Contextual inquiry

Type

Exploratory, Descriptive

What

Observe and interview users in their natural environment to understand real-world usage.

Why

Gain insights into user behaviour, needs, and challenges within their specific context.

Method

Customer feedback and support data

Type

Informative

What

Analyse customer inquiries and feedback to understand user sentiments.

Why

Identify pain points, improve customer satisfaction, and guide product improvements.

Method

Customer journey mapping

Type

Generative, Exploratory

What

Visualise and analyse the user’s entire experience across touchpoints.

Why

Understand the user’s journey, identify pain points, and optimise interactions.

Method

Diary studies

Type

Exploratory

What

Have users keep a diary of their experiences over time.

Why

Gain insights into long-term user behaviour, preferences, and evolving needs.

Method

Experience sampling method (ESM)

Type

Exploratory, Informative

What

Collect real-time feedback on user experiences at different points in time.

Why

Capture in-the-moment user insights, understand context, and identify patterns in behaviour.

Method

Eye tracking

Type

Exploratory, Informative

What

Track eye movements to understand where users focus their attention.

Why

Gain insights into visual attention patterns, optimise content placement, and improve design.

Method

Guerilla testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Conduct quick, informal usability testing in public spaces.

Why

Gather rapid feedback, identify immediate usability issues, and make on-the-spot improvements.

Method

Heatmaps

Type

Informative

What

Visualise user interactions, showing hotspots of activity.

Why

Identify popular areas of engagement, optimise content placement, and improve user flow.

Method

Heuristic evaluation

Type

Evaluative

What

Evaluate the interface against established usability principles.

Why

Identify usability issues based on recognised principles, guiding improvements in design.

Method

Kano model analysis

Type

Evaluative

What

Assess and prioritise features based on user satisfaction.

Why

Understand user preferences, prioritise features, and align product development with user expectations.

Method

Persona empathy mapping

Type

Exploratory

What

Dive deeper into understanding the emotional aspects of user personas.

Why

Develop a deeper understanding of user motivations, needs, and emotional responses.

Method

Personas

Type

Exploratory, Generative

What

Create fictional characters representing user segments based on research.

Why

Humanise user data, guide design decisions, and ensure a user-centred approach.

Method

Prototype testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Gather feedback specifically on the functionality and design of prototypes.

Why

Identify design flaws, usability issues, and areas for improvement in the early stages of development.

Method

Remote usability testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Conduct usability testing with participants located remotely.

Why

Expand participant pool, gather diverse insights, and overcome geographical constraints.

Method

Remote usability testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Conduct usability testing with participants located remotely.

Why

Expand participant pool, gather diverse insights, and overcome geographical constraints.

Method

Service blueprinting

Type

Generative, Exploratory

What

Map out the end-to-end user journey and service interactions.

Why

Understand touchpoints, identify pain points, and optimise the entire service experience.

Method

Social media listening

Type

Informative

What

Monitor social media for user sentiments and opinions.

Why

Understand public perceptions, gather feedback, and stay informed about user attitudes.

Method

Surveys and questionnaires

Type

Informative, Descriptive

What

Use structured forms to collect data from a larger audience.

Why

Gather quantitative data, assess user preferences, and obtain broad insights.

Method

Task analysis

Type

Informative, Descriptive

What

Break down tasks into smaller steps to understand the user’s workflow.

Why

Identify user goals, streamline processes, and improve task efficiency.

Method

Tree testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Evaluate the findability of items in a website’s hierarchy.

Why

Optimise information architecture, improve navigation, and enhance user satisfaction.

Method

Usability benchmarking

Type

Evaluative

What

Compare your product’s usability against industry standards.

Why

Identify strengths and weaknesses, set usability goals, and track improvements over time.

Method

Usability testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Observe users interacting with your product to identify usability issues.

Why

Evaluate the user experience, uncover pain points, and iterate on design for improved usability.

Method

User interviews

Type

Exploratory, Generative

What

Conduct one-on-one conversations to gather in-depth insights.

Why

Understand user needs, preferences, and behaviours through qualitative dialogue.

Method

Wizard of Oz testing

Type

Evaluative

What

Simulate the behaviour of a system or feature to gather user feedback.

Why

Test user reactions to concepts or features before full implementation, saving development resources.